Home Contact Us About FOAM-TECH Client Services Products Solutions Past Projects Case Studies Diagnostics & Testing FAQ's Building Envelope Theory Special Environments News Glossary Career Opportunities
|
|
 
SECTION 07220
AIR BARRIER
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.01
DESCRIPTION
A.
Introduction
1.
This section is
incorporated into these specifications to address the widely recognized view
that air leakage can be linked directly or indirectly to the most prevalent
building envelope performance and durability problems. The best way to
insure adequate thermal performance, comfort, and avoid moisture problems in
the building envelope is to prevent air from uncontrollably flowing into and
out of the occupied space.
2.
The Work in this
Section shall comply with the requirements for LEEDTM
Certification. Refer to SECTION 01005: ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS AND LEEDTM
CERTIFICATION. The credits applicable to this section are as follows:
a. EA
Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy
Performance
b. EA
Credits 1.1 and 1.2: Optimized
Energy Performance
c. MR
Credit 2.1 Construction Waste Management
d. MR
Credit 5.1 Local / Regional Materials
e. EQ
Credit 3.1 Construction IAQ Management Plan
f. EQ Credit
4.1 Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives and Sealants
- Intent: This
section of the specification is intended to define the quantitative and
qualitative requirements for the products, materials, and workmanship
for the air barrier “system” of the thermal envelope of this building.
“The air barrier system of the building envelope for this building is to
be constructed to provide a continuous, structurally supported plane of
materials to contain the indoor air (exfiltration) and to prevent
outdoor air from entering the building (infiltration). The intent of
the design is for the building to perform in accordance with the
following requirements:
a.
The building envelope
will incorporate a continuous air barrier system, as per the 1990 National
Building Code, Article 5.3.1.
Specifier Note: The
performance standards below are industry recommendations, but the specifier
should list obligations for compliance to meet specific project goals.
b.
The maximum air leakage
through the air barrier system within the roof area and associated penthouse
envelope components is not to exceed 0.15 L/s·m2 @ 75 Pa.
c.
The maximum air leakage
through the air barrier system within the areas of the exterior walls (brick
veneer steel stud backup) from the roof to grade (excluding windows, doors,
etc.) is not to exceed 0.75 L/s·m2 @ 75 Pa.
d.
The maximum air leakage
through curtain walls, skylights, windows, and exterior doors must conform
to the ASTM E 283 standards for the specific application.
e.
The maximum air leakage
through joints between the air barrier components of various assemblies is
not to exceed 0.20 L/s·m @ 75 Pa.
f.
The air barrier system in
all parts of the building envelope is to be designed to support maximum wind
loads, (30-year) frequency."
- For this
project, the performance requirements are identified in the design of
the air barrier system and the construction will be certified through
compliance testing and review at the completion of the building
envelope. In order to help the Contractor meet the standards required
to pass the compliance test, a methodology for testing the air barrier
components during the construction process is included in Section 3.03
–FIELD QUALITY ASSURANCE below.
- Work included
in this section
- General:
Provide all labor, materials equipment, and labor necessary to install
the air barrier system indicated on the drawings.
- The air
barrier system shall be a field-applied system consisting of continuous,
sealed, semi-vapor permeable air barrier materials equivalent to or less
than 0.02 l/s•m2 @ 75 Pa.
- Air sealing
measures required for this Work include, but are not necessarily limited
to:
- Air sealants
at the following locations:
a.
All cracks and spaces
(wider than 1/8" and narrower than 1 1/2") between rough openings and
jambs of windows, skylights, louvers, and doors.
b.
All blind corners,
openings and cracks in the framing or exterior sheathing, including but
not limited to joist pockets, metal deck flutes, change in materials,
louver blank of panels.
c.
All penetrations for
plumbing and utility vents, wiring, coaxial cable, telephone wires and
as required to seal infiltration leaks too large for caulking.
d.
All foundation sills
and joist headers between floors, all cantilevered joists.
e.
All cracks between
exterior foundation insulation and sheathed, framed walls.
f.
Behind and around all
electrical boxes, conduit, ducts, fans, and piping.
g.
All prefabricated
rigid insulation panel joints.
- The exterior
sheathing air sealed with polyurethane caulk or air barrier tape.
- Spray-applied
polyurethane foam at exterior walls.
- Membrane
air/vapor barrier materials at connections at transitions between
dissimilar materials.
- Continuous,
sealed vapor retarder plastic films.
-
Semi-permeable air barrier films.
- Built-up
roofing incorporated into the air barrier system work is indicated on
drawings and by provisions of this section and is defined to include
roofing, insulation immediately under roofing, composition flashing and
stripping and roofing accessories integrally related to roof
installation continuously sealed to the adjoining air barrier materials
of the building envelope.
-
Polymer Based (PB)
EIF Systems are acceptable only in locations not subject to direct abuse
(5'-0" minimum above finished grade). Polymer modified (PM) EIF Systems
shall be used where direct abuse is a reasonable possibility, such as
building areas adjacent to sidewalks, hard play areas, and other
locations in close proximity to finished grade. This system must be
continuously sealed to the adjoining air barrier materials of the
building envelope.
-
The following
materials are not acceptable as air barrier components:
a.
Materials with an
air permeability greater than 0.02 l/s•m2 @ 75 Pa.
- Related work
specified elsewhere:
- SECTION
01000: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
-
SECTION 01005: eNVIRONMENTAL GOALS AND LEEDTM
CERTIFICATION
-
SECTION 01505: CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT
-
Section 01400: Quality Control Services
-
SECTION 01410: INDOOR AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT
-
Section 01740: Warranties and Bonds
-
SECTION 01800: CUTTING AND PATCHING
-
SECTION 04200: UNIT MASONRY
-
SECTION 05100: STRUCTURAL STEEL
-
SECTION 05200: METAL JOIST
-
SECTION 05300: METAL DECK
-
SECTION 05500: MISCELLANEOUS METAL
-
SECTION 06100: ROUGH CARPENTRY
-
SECTION 07100: WATERPROOFING AND DAMPPROOFING
-
SECTION 07101: SEALING AND FIRESTOPPING
-
SECTION 07200: INSULATION
-
SECTION 07216: SPRAYED-ON FOAM INSULATION
-
SECTION 07390: EXTERIOR ENVELOPE MINIMUM
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
-
SECTION 07500: ROOFING AND FLASHING
-
SECTION 07850: INSULATED SKYLIGHT
-
SECTION 08500: ALUMINUM WINDOWS
-
SECTION 08525: ALUMINUM LOUVERS
-
SECTION 08100: HOLLOW METAL WORK
-
SECTION 08600: WOOD WINDOWS
-
Section 09250: Gypsum Sheathing
1.02
ALTERNATES
Specifier Note:
Add any applicable references to warranties required in Division 7 – Thermal
and Moisture Protection – Section 07220 Air Barriers, to Section 01740 -
Warranties and Bonds
1.02
REFERENCES
- Reference
Standards:
- American
Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
- US Green
Building Council – LEED Green Building Rating System, Version 2.0
- 1990 National
Building Code
1.04
SUBMITTALS
-
Submit certification of location for
manufacturing of materials in this section. (LEEDTM
requirement)
-
Submit warranties, bonds, and service
and maintenance contracts as specified in the respective sections of
Specifications.
-
Requirements: Warranties required shall
include, but shall not be limited to, the following:
-
Ice dams: Five (5) year guarantee.
Thermal envelope components (insulation, vapor retarders, air barriers,
and roof ventilation systems) should be provided and installed in such a
manner as to guarantee against problematic ice dam formations for a
period of at least 5 years.
-
Pipe and equipment freeze-ups: Five
(5) year guarantee. Thermal envelope components (insulation, vapor
retarders, and air barriers systems) should be provided and installed in
such a manner as to guarantee against plumbing and equipment freeze-ups
for a period of at least 5 years.
-
Air Barrier: Five (5) year guarantee.
Air barrier components should be provided and installed in such a manner
as to guarantee that the building air leakage rates are less than the
performance standard set in this section for a period of at least five (5)
years.
a.
The Approved Installer
shall provide written air-tightness warranty for a minimum of five (5) years
against leaks in the entire air barrier system, arising out of or caused by
ordinary wear and tear under normal weather and atmospheric conditions. The
warrantee must state that all air barrier materials have been installed as
specified and are free from defects in manufacturing and installation. The
warranty shall commence on date of Owner acceptance.
b.
Installer’s Guarantee
(Project): Submit three (3) executed copies of full five (5) year
Guarantee" on a form approved by Owner.
-
Submit two (2) copies of manufacturer's
specifications, product data, and installation instructions for each type
of air barrier material or system used.
-
Submit two (2) copies of manufacturer's
MSDS sheet for each type of insulation required.
-
Provide daily test shot samples of
foamed-in-place polyurethane to the Architect from each batch of foam for the
Architect's approval.
-
Certified Testing: When required by the
contract documents, submit copies of certified test reports showing
compliance with specified performance values.
-
Samples:
-
Submit samples of air barrier system
materials for approval prior to beginning the work. Samples shall
clearly indicate each component of the system and shall be of suitable
size to accurately represent each building envelope transition
condition. Production Data: Submit manufacturer’s product information,
specifications, and installation instructions for air barrier components
and accessories.
-
Installer Certification: Submit
certificate one week prior to bid date that the installer has been
regularly engaged in the installation of the air barrier systems
specified.
-
Each sample shall be fabricated using
the same tools and techniques as required for the actual application.
-
One (1) approved sample shall be
available and maintained at the job site.
-
Reports, Calculations, and Certificates:
-
Submit copies of selected test reports
by independent laboratories verifying the air permeability performance
of the air barrier components.
-
Applicator shall submit a copy of his
current certificate of membership as an approved applicator of the
approved air barrier system.
J. Mock Up:
Refer to Section 04200: Unit Masonry.
1.05
QUALITY ASSURANCE
A.
The Owner will conduct building air-tightness
testing for the following:
1.
Air barrier component quality assurance testing
during the construction phase.
2.
LEEDTM
certification testing.
3.
Air tightness compliance testing.
4.
Air barrier commissioning tests.
B.
The maximum air
leakage performance standard established in SECTION 07390 - Exterior
Envelope Minimum Performance Criteria will be tested to verify building
air-tightness is in compliance with this specification.
C.
Pre-Construction Conference: Prior to installation,
and as soon as possible after the award of the air barrier related
sub-contracts, meet at project site. At this meeting, the parties will
review the intent and goals of the air barrier system, representative
details, and discuss substrate conditions. Review the requirements of
contract documents, submittal, status of coordinating work, availability of
materials, proposed installation sequencing, installation facilities and
proposed installation schedule, requirements for inspections, testing,
certifications, forecasted weather conditions (when applicable), governing
regulations, insurance and warrantee requirements, and proposed installation
procedures. The Contractor shall schedule and attend a meeting with:
1.
The air barrier sub-contractor;
2.
The air barrier product manufacturers’
representatives (when applicable);
3.
Installers of all substrate construction;
4.
Architect;
5.
Owner, and;
6.
Representatives of other entities directly concerned
with the performance of the air barrier system including all other work
adjoining the air barrier system, including penetrating work and window,
door, and rooftop units.
D.
Discussions will include the following design
criteria:
1.
Air barrier continuity.
2.
Methods of sealing dissimilar air barrier materials.
3.
Longevity of air barrier components.
4.
Thermal Expansion: Resistant to stress from 100F
temperature shift.
5.
Substrate deflection.
6.
Impact of wetting on air barrier material integrity.
E.
Include in each weekly job meeting a review of the
air barrier installation issues for current and upcoming work.
F.
Single Source
Responsibility: Provide only products supplied by a single EIFS
manufacturer.
G.
Qualifications
1.
Manufacturer:
a.
Shall have marketed the specified air barrier
systems in the United States for at least ten (10) years.
b.
Shall have a record of satisfactory completion of at
least twenty-five (25) projects utilizing the specified air barrier system(s).
c.
Shall comply with the Air Barrier Association of
America standards for air barrier materials and systems, including overall
building envelope air leakage performance.
d.
Shall have been approved for use by the following
Model Building Code organizations in published research or compliance
reports:
i.
BOCA Basic Building Code
Specifier note: Add other
code jurisdictions per project location
2.
Applicator:
a.
Shall have
trained and certified personnel qualified in the installation of the
approved air barrier materials and system(s).
b.
(Shall have
a current certificate of membership in approved manufacturers trained
network of applicators).
c.
Firm with not less than (five) years
experience in the installation of air barrier systems similar to
requirements for this project and which is acceptable to manufacturer.
d.
Roofing contractor shall be an authorized installer
of the approved manufacturer.
1.06
DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND
HANDLING
- All materials
supplied by the Approved Manufacturer(s) shall be delivered to the site
location in the original unopened containers and packages with labels
intact unless shipped in containers approved by the Manufacturer. Upon
arrival, materials shall be inspected for damage. Notify the manufacturer
should damaged, incorrect or otherwise unsatisfactory material be
encountered. Unsatisfactory materials, including temperature-sensitive
materials damaged by freezing, shall not be used.
- All air barrier
materials shall be stored in a cool dry location, out of sunlight,
protected from weather and other damage and at temperatures not less than
40 degrees F, unless required by the approved Manufacturer.
1.07
PROJECT CONDITIONS
-
Coordination of work:
Coordinate the work of this section with interfacing and adjoining work
for proper sequencing of each installation. Ensure best possible weather
resistance and durability of work and protection of materials and
finishes.
- Installation
of air barrier system and quality assurance procedures shall be
coordinated with other construction trades.
- Tops of walls
shall be immediately covered to avoid water infiltration.
- All sealants
shall be installed in a timely manner to avoid water infiltration.
-
Sufficient manpower
shall be employed to ensure a continuous operation, free of cold joints,
scaffolding lines, or other conditions that would adversely affect
integrity of system and finished appearance.
-
Environmental Conditions:
-
The ambient air temperature shall be a minimum of 40 degrees
F or greater and rising at the time of installation of the air barrier
materials and shall remain at 40 degrees F for at least 24 hours after
application. Manufacturers’ recommendations shall control if their
requirements are stricter.
- Application
of the air barrier materials shall not take place during inclement
weather unless appropriate protection acceptable to the manufacturer is
employed or the manufacturer warrants that the materials are not
susceptible to inclement weather conditions. Proceed with roofing work
only when existing and forecasted weather conditions will permit work to
be performed in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations and
warranty requirements.
-
Protection:
-
Surrounding materials and areas shall
be protected during the installation of the air barrier system.
-
Remove sharp protrusions that could
damage air barrier materials.
-
Any EIF Systems employed in this
project shall be protected from weather and other damage immediately
after installation, including damage from installation of flashing and
sealants.
-
Protect installed air barrier and
insulation materials from physical damage and from becoming wet, soiled,
or covered with ice or snow between phases of the work or after the
completed installation. Do not expose to sunlight, except to the extent
necessary for period of installation and concealment.
-
Protect the premises from damage.
Protect against ignition at all times.
-
Thermal protection of raw materials,
protect from freezing or extreme heat. Maintain chemical components at a
minimum of 60 degrees or as recommended by the manufacturer while stored
on site.
-
Fire protection: The code states that the use of completely
exposed foamed plastics in interior applications presents a fire hazard
unless the foam is protected by one of the code approved 15 minute fire
resistive barriers (usually 1/2" sheetrock, lath and plaster, or other
approved finish or coating). Code requirements, if any, for unoccupied
areas should also be followed. Comply with insurance ratings indicated.
-
Health and safety: There are odors, particulates, and vapors
related to the curing and processing of various air barrier systems,
sealants, and polyurethane foams. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations
for each product during the installation. Provide the recommended
levels of ventilation and alert anyone with respiratory sensitivities to
evacuate the premises while the work is being done. Protect areas where
ventilation is adequate with signage and require personnel in the
unvented area to wear proper breathing protection. The work shall be
executed in accordance with Section 01410 – Indoor Air Quality
Management (LEED requirement).
1.08
INSPECTIONS AND JOB
CONTROL
- A qualified
technical representative of the installer(s) shall be available to make
recommendations necessary to insure compliance with the specifications and
to make recommendations where unforeseen conditions become apparent to the
Architect.
- As soon as all
construction under this Section, as well as any construction which could
in any way affect construction under this Section, has been completed, a
qualified representative of the installer(s) shall make a final inspection
of the air barrier system.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.01
AIR BARRIER MATERIALS
(ACCEPTABLE MANUFACTURERS)
A.
Local/Regional
Materials: Materials and
systems in this section shall, where feasible, be manufactured within a
500-mile radius of Concord, NH. (LEEDTM requirement)
B. Air and vapor
retarder membranes:
-
Air/Vapor Barrier
Membrane (Air Barrier/Vapor retarder) type 1: Sheet membrane vapor
barrier, equivalent to Bakor “Blueskin SA”. (exterior wall
applications): 40-mil thick, self-adhering membrane SBS rubberized
asphalt compound integrally laminated to a cross laminated polyethylene
film.
-
Tape: bright aluminum
or polyester self-adhering type, mesh reinforced, 2” wide,
compatible with the air barrier
materials that are to be sealed to each other or the substrate.
-
"Vaporstop" vapor retarder by
Fortifiber Corporation (508-222-3500). Adhesive: As manufactured by
Lion Oil (1-800-643-1506).
-
Continuous, sealed vapor retarder
plastic films equivalent to Tu-tuff or 6-mil. polyethylene. Must meet
ASTM D 4397, 6 mils (.015mm) thick with maximum permeance rating of .013
perm. (7.5n./Pa x S x sq. m).
-
Semi-permeable air barrier films
equivalent to: Dupont Company’s ”Tyvek”. Building wrap with a thickness
of 0.0105. conforming to the following standards:
a.
Bursting
strength (ASTMD-774): 123 psi.
b.
Flame spread
(ASTM E-84) 0.
c.
Smoke
Development (ASTM E-84) 25 (maximum).
- Spray-applied
polyurethane foam insulation / sealant:
Specifier note:
parts of this specification section are a manufacturer-specific, proprietary
product specification using the proprietary method of specifying applicable
to project specifications and master guide specifications.
- Rigid,
field-applied polyurethane foam (or alternate to polyurethane foam –
Zero ODP SUPERGREEN FOAMTM ) having a
non-chlorofluorocarbon (Non-CFC) (or HFC- see alternate blowing
agent) blowing agent as provided by FOAM-TECH or approved equal,
with an in-place density of 2.1 - 2.5 lbs. per cubic foot in the
exterior walls, ceilings and floors. Foam product will be a standard
polyurethane or polyisocyanurate 2-component mix for producing rigid,
self-adhered, closed-cell insulation /sealant.
- (Alternate
Blowing agent: HFC 134a zero ozone depletion potential (ODP))
- Shall meet
ASTM specification ASTM C578, Type IV
- Nominal
Density: 2.0 – 2.5 lbs/cu. ft.
- Minimum
compressive strength: 30 PSI (ASTM C 1621-73)
- Maximum water
absorption: 3% by volume (ASTM C272-76)
- Closed cell
content: 90 percent minimum.
- K-value: 0.15
minimum when aged 90 days at 140o F dry heat.
- Shall be
labeled with Model Building Code approvals and UL listings.
-
Surface-burning characteristics: Maximum flame-spread and smoke
developed indices of 75 and 450, respectively, based on tests performed
on un-faced core by ASTM E-84 test method.
- Follow
manufacturer’s recommendations for maximum pass thickness.
- Joint sealants
and other sealants specifically related to the Air Barrier system:
- Sealants
shall comply with the VOC (volatile organic compound) content limit of
250 g/l for “Architectural Sealants” of BAAQMD Reg. 8, Rule 51 “Adhesive
and Sealant Products” (LEED requirement)
- Comply with
manufacturer's recommendations and EIMA Guidelines for compatible
sealants and application procedures.
- Provide joint
sealants that establish and maintain airtight continuous joint seals
without staining or deteriorating joint substrates.
- Elastomeric
Sealants: Comply with ASTM C 920 and other requirements indicated for
each liquid-applied chemically curing sealant specified, including those
referencing ASTM C 920 classifications for type, grade, class, and uses
related to exposure and joint substrates.
-
Stain-Test-Response Characteristics: Where elastomeric sealants are
specified to be non-staining to porous substrates, provide products that
have undergone testing according to ASTM C 1248 and have not stained
porous joint substrates indicated for Project.
- Suitability
for Contact with Food: Where elastomeric sealants are indicated for
joints that will come in repeated contact with food, provide products
that comply with 21 CFR 177.2600.
-
Single-Component Non-sag Polysulfide Sealant:
a.
Available products
i.
Pacific Polymers, Inc.;
Elastoseal 230 Types I (Gun Grade).
ii.
Polymeric Systems Inc.;
PSI-7000.
b.
Type and Grade: S (single
component) and NS (non-sag).
c.
Class: 25.
d.
Use Related to Exposure:
NT (non-traffic).
e.
Uses Related to Joint
Substrates: M, G, A, and, as applicable to joint substrates indicated, O.
-
Single-Component Neutral-Curing Silicone Sealant:
a.
Available products
i.
Dow Corning Corporation;
799.
ii.
GE Silicones; UltraGlaze SG4000.
iii.
GE Silicones; UltraGlaze
SSG4000AC.
iv.
Polymeric System Inc.;
PSI-631.
v.
Schnee-Morehead, Inc.;
SM5731 Poly-Glaze Plus.
vi.
Tremco; Proglaze SG.
vii.
Tremco; Spectrem 2.
viii.
Tremco; Tremsil 600.
b.
Type and Grade: S (single
component) and NS (non-sag).
c.
Class 25.
d.
Use Related to Exposure:
NT (non-traffic).
e.
Uses Related to Joint
Substrates: M, G, A, and, as applicable to joint substrates indicated, O.
-
Single-component Nonsag polyurethane Sealant:
a.
Available products
i.
Sika Corporation, Inc.;
Sikaflex – la.
ii.
Sika Corporation, Inc.;
Sikaflex – 15LM.
iii.
Sonneborn, Division of
ChemRex Inc.; Ultra.
iv.
Sonneborn, Division of
ChemRex Inc.; NP 1.
v.
Tremco; Vulkem 116.
b.
Type and Grade: S (single
component) and NS (non-sag).
c.
Class 100/50.
d.
Use Related to Exposure:
T (traffic) and NT (non-traffic).
e.
Uses Related to Joint
Substrates: M, G, A, and, as applicable to joint substrates indicated, O.
- Acoustical
Sealant for Exposed and Concealed Joints:
a.
Available products
i.
Pecora Corporation; AC-20
FTR Acoustical and Insulation Sealant.
ii.
United States Gypsum Co.;
SHEETROCK Acoustical Sealant.
- Acoustical
Sealant for Concealed Joints:
a.
Available products
i.
Pecora Corporation;
BA-98.
ii.
Tremco; Tremco Acoustical
Sealant.
- Type 1:
"AC-20+Silicone"; one part, non-sag, acrylic latex caulk, complying with
ASTM C834-86.
- Type 2: "Dynatrol
I"; one part polyurethane, non-sag (Type II), 25% maximum movement
capability for extension/compression; complying with FS TT-230C and ASTM
C920.
- Type 3: "Urexpan
NR-201"; one part polyurethane, self-leveling (Type I), 25% maximum movement
capability for extension/compression; complying with FS TT-S-230C, ASTM
C920 and ASTM D1850.
- Type 4:
"AC-20FTR"; one part, modified acrylic latex acoustical sealant,
complying with ASTM C834-86.
- Polyurethane
Foam: Pur-Fill 1 G, non-CFC, low expansion, water cure polyurethane
foam. Note: A Pageris foam gun applicator makes it easier to install
this product.
- Acoustical
Sealant: Tremco Products Acoustical Sealant. Note: A pneumatic
caulking gun makes it easier to install this product.
- Polyurethane
Caulk: Ohio Sealants, Inc., OSI PR-255 polyurethane caulk, or equal.
- Acrylic
Adhesive Tape: 3M 8086 Contractors Tape (or equal). Note: A $15 hand
dispenser makes this product much more convenient to use.
- EIFS Systems:
- Dryvit "Ultralation"
System (Type PM).
- "Insul/Crete"
System (Parex, Inc.; Redan, Georgia)
- Fasteners:
- Expansion
Fastener: Concrete and masonry substrates - expandable sheath with
corrosion resistant hammer driven pin, pre-drilled and used with the
manufacturer's washer attachment. Anchor spacing not to exceed 12"
vertically and 16" horizontally, with minimum penetration of 1".
- Reinforcing
Fabric:
- Shall be
balanced, open weave glass fiber fabric.
- PB (Polymer
Based) System: "Primus" acrylic-based adhesive/base coat, field mixed
with Portland cement in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
- Accessories (As
indicated on the Drawings): Expansion joints, control joints and corner
beads of zinc or exterior grade vinyl as supplied by EIF System
manufacturer.
PART 3 – EXECUTION
3.01
GENERAL
A. The
work shall be executed in accordance with the IAQ Construction Management
Plan (LEEDTM requirement)
3.02
INSPECTION OF SUBSTRATE
- Examine
substrate surfaces to receive the air barrier materials and associated
work and conditions under which the air barrier system will be installed.
Do not proceed with the work until unsatisfactory conditions have been
corrected in a manner acceptable to the Installer and complying with
manufacturer's standards.
- Prior to
beginning work, examine all substrates for soundness, such as tightness
of connections, crumbling or looseness of surface, level tolerance of
surface, and other conditions when would affect the installation.
- Notify the
Owner of any adverse or unsatisfactory conditions. Work shall not
proceed until such conditions are corrected. Inspect roof deck to verify
in writing that deck is clean and smooth, free of depressions, waves, or
projections, properly sloped to eaves.
- Verify in
writing that deck is dry and free of snow or ice. Joints in
insulation/sheathing to be solidly supported and nailed.
- Inspect
structural steel frame to verify that the frame is complete, properly
aligned and configured, and will allow fastening of panels and subgirts
in accordance with manufacturer's requirements. Notify Architect in
writing of any conditions that would interfere with the installation.
Do not proceed until such deficiencies have been corrected.
- Beginning of
installation implies acceptance of condition of substrate and of
adjacent work. Do not proceed with installation until conditions are
satisfactory.
3.03
GENERAL INSTALLATION
REQUIREMENTS
- Comply with
manufacturer's published specifications for ply lapping, asphalt
application, fastener recommendations, roof edge details and base flashing
details.
- Cooperate with
inspection and quality assurance test procedures.
- Coordinate the
installation of insulation, air barrier material, flashings, stripping,
coatings and surfacings, so that weather sensitive materials are not
exposed to precipitation nor exposed overnight.
3.04
PREPARATION
- Clean, prepare,
and size joints in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Remove any
loose materials and other foreign matter that might impair adhesion of air
barrier tapes, sealants, and other adhered air barrier system components.
- Installation
shall conform to Approved Manufacturer's printed recommendations and
instructions, except as otherwise specified herein or as shown on the
drawings.
- Lap, lock,
clean, seam and seal all joints.
- Joint Priming:
Prime joint substrates, where recommended in writing by joint-sealant
manufacturer, based on preconstruction joint-sealant-substrate tests or
prior experience. Apply primer to comply with joint-sealant
manufacturer’s written instructions. Confine primers to areas of
joint-sealant bond; do not allow spillage or migration onto adjoining
surfaces.
3.05
INSTALLATION
- Air and vapor
retarder membranes:
1.
Self -Adhesive Air/Vapor
Membrane:
a.
Blueskin SA must be
lapped a minimum of 2”on both sides and end laps. Position membrane for
alignment; remove protective film and press firmly into place.
b.
When membrane is entirely
in place, roll membrane including all seams with a counter top roller to
ensure full contact.
c.
Seal around any openings
and at leading edge at the end of the days work with AIR- BLOC 21, or other
approved sealing product. Application temp 41F minimum.
d.
Detail work must be
carefully carried out to ensure continuous air tightness of the membrane. It
is recommended that mechanical attachment or a properly designed sealant
joint be provided at window and doorframes.
2.
Membrane Primer:
a.
Apply by brush, roller or
spray at the rate of 85 to 250 sq. ft. per gallon. Rollers should have a
heavy nap of natural material such as lamb’s wool. Allow primer to dry for
30 minutes before applying membrane. Primed surfaces not covered by membrane
during the working day must be re-primed. Application temp -54F to 104F.
Ventilate during membrane primer installation with 100% outside air as
needed to maintain an acceptable level of indoor air in accordance with
Section 01410 – Indoor Air Quality Management (LEED requirement)
- Spray-applied
polyurethane foam:
1.
Process a two-component
polyurethane foam system with 1:1 ratio by volume, positive-displacement,
industry-standard pumping equipment.
2.
Monitor and maintain the
component ratio and mix the components of the polyurethane chemicals in
accordance with the manufacturer's product specifications and processing
instructions to achieve the desired density and physical properties. Verify
the product component ratio with flow meters and programmable ratio
monitoring equipment that can prevent the installation of product that is
off-ratio by more than the manufacturer’s prescribed limits.
3.
Monitor and maintain the
component temperatures in accordance with the manufacturer's product
specifications and processing instructions to achieve the desired density
and physical properties.
4.
Apply to a minimum or
average cured depth as required in the contract documents. Average
thickness specifications will be to a ½” plus-or-minus tolerance.
5.
Spray the mixed foam onto
the substrate in multiple rises -- increments as recommended by the
manufacturer. The foam will expand and give off heat.
6.
Chemical components are
to be maintained at a minimum of 60 degrees while stored on site.
7.
Access for spray foam
equipment and vehicles shall not be more than 150' from the farthest wall or
roof cavity to be injected.
8.
The temperature of the
cavities, cracks, etc. must be a minimum of forty (40 – varies with foam system
specified) degrees during foaming and for a forty-eight (48) hour period
after foam has been placed in the wall cavity. If the exterior (ambient)
temperature is below 40 degrees, the interior temperature must be maintained
at 40 degrees for a minimum of eight (8) hours prior to sealing and
forty-eight (48) hours after completion. The outside temperature should not
be less than 20 degrees unless the outside is protected by temporary or
permanent thermal insulation.
9.
During foam operations,
the above temperature requirements must be met while providing two (2) air
changes per hour or as needed to maintain an acceptable level of indoor air
quality for ventilation for installation personnel in accordance with
Section 01410 – Indoor Air Quality Management (LEED requirement). Heat
during foaming operations shall be provided by vented or non-open flame
sources.
10.
Caulking shall be
required with approved caulking compound or other sealant at all locations
requiring an infiltration seal, but too small (1/8" or less) for foam
sealant.
11.
Trim foam flush with the
inside surfaces. Remove foam from finished surfaces such as window glass,
casings, and gypsum board.
12.
PREPARATION:
a.
Wiring, conduit, boxes,
etc. shall be braced or fastened securely so that expansion of foam sealant
shall not cause wiring to "float". Wiring shall be located within the
wall/ceiling cavity to be foamed, so as to prevent damage to wiring during
the trimming and/or planing of the foam.
b.
Clear all cracks, spaces,
voids, and openings to be sealed of debris, moisture, ice, and materials
prior to the commencement of foaming operations. Clean substrates of
substances harmful to insulations, including moisture, dirt, or unbonded
coatings that will effect the insulation or prevent an airtight seal. Hold
exterior air barrier materials to the outside of the spaces around rough
openings to allow a jamb to framing seal.
c.
Cover all joints and
close off openings to prevent foam leakage. Check to insure that the
cavities to be sealed are properly finished, that they are free of debris
and that the surfaces are anchored to framing members.
d.
Mask areas to be
protected from over-spray.
e.
All window and doorjambs
shall be adequately braced, if necessary, to prevent the expanding foam
sealant from bowing or springing the jamb or jamb extension. Foam sealant in
these spaces shall be adequate to create a seal, but the spaces do not have
to be filled unless required in the Contract Documents (reduces the need for
bracing).
13.
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS:
a.
Access for spray foam
installation hoses, equipment and vehicles: not more than 150' (hose length)
from the farthest wall, roof, or floor cavity to be sealed.
b.
Power for spray equipment
shall be one, 50-amp, 220-volt circuit and two dedicated standard plug
receptacles located within 100 ' of vehicle access points.
c.
Non-metallic electrical
wiring in spray-applied or injected building sections shall be Type NMB or
NMC-B located a minimum of 1" from surface to be drilled.
C.
Sealants:
1.
Install sealant in accordance with manufacturer's
instructions.
2.
Pre-construction Field-Adhesion Testing: Before
installing sealants, field test their adhesion to Project joint substrates
according to the method in ASTM C 1193 that is appropriate for the types of
Project joints.
3.
Caulking shall be required with approved caulking
compound or other sealant at all locations requiring an infiltration seal,
but too small (1/8" or less) for foam sealant.
4.
Joint Priming: Prime joint substrates, where
recommended in writing by joint-sealant manufacture, based on
preconstruction joint-sealant-substrate tests or prior experience. Apply
primer to comply with joint-sealant manufacturer’s written instructions.
Confine primers to areas of joint-sealant bond; do not allow spillage or
migration onto adjoining surfaces.
5.
EIFS Systems:
a.
a. Base Coat
i.
Base coat shall be mixed in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions and applied to insulated wall surfaces
trowelling the material into the reinforcing fabric in a tight coat and
doubling back to 1/8" -3/16" thickness. (Refer to EIF System Application
Instructions for proper thickness). Base coats shall be applied to level
out surface areas and to fill joints smooth with adjacent area.
ii.
The mesh shall be fully embedded into the wet adhesive/base coat
mixture. The mesh pattern shall not be visible.
iii.
Allow the base coat to dry for a period of at least 24 hours before
applying finish coat.
iv.
Correct surface imperfections prior to applying finish coat.
v.
Prior to installation of the EIF System on glass block, the surface
shall be completely cleaned with a mild detergent, rinsed with clean water,
and allowed to dry. The surface shall be free of dirt, debris and soap
film.
vi.
Perform a "pull-off" test. Apply a sample of polystyrene insulation
board to the cleaned glass block surface with manufacturer's adhesive/base
coat. Adhesive base coat shall be properly mixed and applied in accordance
with Manufacturer's recommendations. Allow sample to dry for minimum of
time recommended by manufacturer. Attempt to pull the insulation off the
glass block surface in the presence of the Manufacturer's Representative and
Owner.
vii.
Do not proceed unless adhesion of test sample is satisfactory. Perform
a second cleaning of glass block surface if adhesion proves inadequate, and
perform a second "pull-off" test.
viii.
Seal exterior joints subject to moisture penetration and interior
joints exposed to view with sealant.
ix.
Perform work in
accordance with latest ASTM requirements for type of sealant and type of
application.
D.
Install sealant in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.
3.06
FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
-
Current thinking in the building science community is that
field-testing of the building envelope for air-tightness performance will
improve the quality of the air barrier’s performance and must have
enforceable consequences. Commissioning the air barrier system will
improve the performance and durability of the air barrier system.
Commissioning is normally associated with mechanical and electrical
systems in a building where the process of verifying the performance of
HVAC systems to determine if the construction complies with the design
documents and the specified performance ratings. Commissioning the air
barrier system verifies the measurable design performance requirements for
maximum air leakage rate and demonstrates structural support, material
qualities, and durability of the air barrier system.
- During
installation, the approved manufacturer, or its authorized representative
will inspect the work, in order to ensure compliance with installation
instructions.
- Make all
repairs or modifications resulting from use of improper materials or
procedures, at no additional cost to the Owner.
- Quality
Assurance Testing:
- Each
component of the air barrier system will be pre-tested during the
construction at each building envelope milestone so as to avoid the
necessity of removing or damaging subsequent installations by other
trades. Any repairs required to complete the air barrier to meet the
compliance standard will be the responsibility of the Contractor and
will be made at no additional cost to the Owner.
- The
contractors will cooperate fully with the testing contractors or
agencies.
- Quality
assurance testing will be completed by one of the following methods
approved in advance by the Architect or the Owner:
a.
Pressurized or
depressurized theatrical fog testing
b.
Pressurized or
depressurized infrared testing
c.
Compartmentalized blower
door testing
d.
Tracer gas testing
-
Alternate approvals:
a.
Physical inspection of
the installation by a qualified third-party with experience in
air barrier installations, certifications, and/or
commissioning at a frequency approved by the Architect.
Specifier note: Insert other approved method(s) appropriate for the specific
project.
-
Quality assurance testing by prescribed or approved alternate
test methods in no way relieves the Contractor of responsibility for any
work required to meet the compliance test standard or for compliance
with any other Contract Document requirements.
-
Pressurized Fog Testing: Specifier note: See attached
Document – “What is a Pressurized Fog Test?” for any language that is to
be included here.
- Pressurized
Infrared Testing: Specifier note: See attached Document – “What is an
Infrared Scan?” for any language that is to be included here.
3.07
COMPLIANCE TESTING
- The
proof-of-design performance may take many forms, but is likely to be one
of the following:
- Building
overall air leakage test.
-
Component-by-component certification with quantitative projection of
overall building performance compiled by a qualified commissioning
contractor.
a.
A previous testing of
another project with the same component may certify a given component of the
air barrier system.
b.
Certified performance as
determined by CMHC commissioning protocol.
c.
To be certified by window
test according to ASTM E 283
d.
Certified by field
mock-up test.
- Compliance
test:
- Blower Door
Test:
a.
The General Contractor
shall provide a blower test at his expense by a contractor approved by the
Owner at the stage when the building is insulated, the vapor retarder is
installed, and all drywall is installed, but before any interior trim work
or finish floors have been installed. The continuous air barrier must be in
place for this test to be effective.
b.
The following openings
shall be temporarily sealed by the general contractor for the test:
i.
All ventilation intake
and exhaust hoods. Intake and exhaust for rooftop units shall be sealed
outdoors, so as to include the rooftop unit in the air leakage test. Intake
and exhaust grills for units within the building also shall be sealed at the
exterior, in order to include the air handler and the ducting in the air
leakage test. HVAC units with mechanically operated dampers on intake and
exhaust openings may be tested with the dampers closed.
ii.
Any floor drains or
plumbing stacks or drains open to the outside.
iii.
Any holes in exterior
doors where hardware is not yet installed.
iv.
Outdoor combustion air
duct to the boiler.
v.
Any other openings that
are intentional and will be permanently closed off when construction is
complete and the building is fully occupied.
c.
In addition, the blower
door contractor shall verify the following before testing:
i.
That all windows and
doors are closed and latched.
ii.
That the section of the
building under test is effectively isolated from the remainder of the
building (if the building is being tested in sections).
iii.
That the boiler and any
other combustion equipment are off.
iv.
That wind speeds are
below 15 mph for the duration of the test period. Tests shall be postponed
if wind speeds are above 15 mph.
- Depressurize:
- The building
shall first be depressurized to 60 Pascals, and airflow measurements
taken at that point and at each 10 Pascal reduction down to 10 Pascals.
Blower door contractor shall calculate insulated shell area of the
building and building internal volume. Blower door contractor to
provide the following output:
a.
Equivalent leakage area (ELA)
and equivalent leakage ratio (ELR) at 4 Pascals.
b.
Blower door CFM50.
c.
Air changes per hour at
50 Pascals (ACH50).
d.
Estimated natural CFM.
e.
Estimated natural air
changes per hour.
- Pressurize:
1.
Next, the blower door
contractor should pressurize the building to 25 Pascals, and with a smoke
stick, identify leakage areas. Contact Owner’s Project Manager to
participate in this testing, contractor should have an adequate supply of
Pur Fill 1G foam, Tremco acoustical sealant, polyurethane caulk, fire-rated
caulk, and 3M 8086 tape on hand to accomplish further air sealing as
required.
- Minimum Air
tightness Specification: The building shall achieve a maximum air leakage
rate of 0.18 cfm per square foot of shell area at 50 PA pressure
differential from the inside to the outside (18 cfm50/100 square feet of
exterior shell). Exterior shell area shall exclude slab on grade area,
but not below grade walls. (Note: It is desirable to achieve an ELR
(effective leakage area) of less than 0.5 square inches of “hole” per 100
square feet of building envelope).
- Conduct
compliance test in the presence of the Owner. The test results must be
approved in writing by the Owner for each section test.
- The Contractor
will cooperate fully with the compliance-testing contractor.
3.08
CLEAN-UP
- Clean up
and recycling of construction material shall comply with SECTION 01505:
CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Remove excess
materials, equipment, trash and debris associated with the air barrier
installation activities from the project area and dispose of legally.
- Repair damage
to adjacent work of other trades that has resulted from the air barrier
installation.
- The applicator
shall clean adjacent materials and surfaces and the work area to remove
foreign materials resulting from the work.
- Clean work area
daily by sweeping and disposing of debris and scraps in a location
designated by the Contractor or Owner.
- Upon completion
of the work of this Section in any given area, remove tools, equipment,
and all rubbish and debris from the work area; leave area in broom-clean
condition.
END OF SECTION
|